Hyperkeratosis in Dogs: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment (Vet-Reviewed)

Have you noticed your dog’s nose or paw pads looking thicker, rougher, or even cracked? This could be more than just normal wear and tear—it might be a condition called hyperkeratosis. While it can look alarming, understanding the symptoms, causes, and treatment can help you provide the best care for your furry friend. Let’s explore everything you need to know about hyperkeratosis in dogs.

⚠️ What to Watch For

Hyperkeratosis occurs when there’s an overproduction of keratin, the protein that makes up your dog’s skin, nails, and fur. This leads to a thick, crusty buildup of skin, usually on the nose or paw pads. While not always painful, it can cause discomfort and make everyday activities like walking more challenging.

Common symptoms of hyperkeratosis in dogs include:

• Thickened, rough, or cracked paw pads
• Dry, crusty, or scaly skin on the nose
• Discoloration of the affected areas
• Reluctance to walk due to discomfort
• Bleeding or infections in severe cases

If you notice any of these signs, it’s a good idea to keep a close eye on your dog and consult your vet for a proper diagnosis.

🔍 Possible Causes

Hyperkeratosis can occur for a variety of reasons. While some cases are idiopathic (no clear cause), others are linked to underlying health conditions or environmental factors. Here are the most common causes:

• Genetics: Certain breeds, like Labrador Retrievers, Golden Retrievers, and Irish Terriers, are more prone to developing hyperkeratosis.
• Age: Older dogs are more likely to experience hyperkeratosis as their skin naturally changes over time.
• Infections: Viral infections such as canine distemper can trigger hyperkeratosis, especially in puppies who are not fully vaccinated.
• Immune system issues: Autoimmune conditions like pemphigus can cause skin abnormalities, including hyperkeratosis.
• Environmental factors: Extreme weather or rough surfaces can contribute to the condition, especially on paw pads.

Understanding the root cause of your dog’s hyperkeratosis is crucial for determining the best treatment plan.

✅ What You Can Do at Home

Managing hyperkeratosis often starts with simple at-home care to keep your dog comfortable. Here are some practical steps you can take:

• Keep the area moisturized: Apply a vet-recommended balm or moisturizer to soften the thickened skin. Avoid human lotions, as they may contain harmful ingredients.
• Trim excess keratin: In some cases, your vet may recommend carefully trimming the hardened skin. This should only be done by a professional to avoid injury.
• Protect your dog’s paws: Use booties or paw wax to shield your dog’s feet from rough surfaces and extreme temperatures.
• Keep the area clean: Regularly wash your dog’s paws and nose with a gentle, pet-safe cleanser to prevent infections.

While these steps can help manage the condition, they may not address the underlying cause. This is why consulting a vet is so important.

💡 When to Call a Vet

If your dog’s hyperkeratosis seems to worsen, causes pain, or is accompanied by other symptoms like fever, lethargy, or appetite loss, it’s time to contact your vet. Severe cases may require medical treatments such as:

• Medicated creams or ointments: These help reduce inflammation and soften the skin.
• Antibiotics: If the area becomes infected, your vet may prescribe antibiotics to treat the infection.
• Underlying condition management: If hyperkeratosis is linked to a health issue like an autoimmune disorder, your vet will address the root cause.

Your vet may also perform diagnostic tests, such as bloodwork or skin biopsies, to determine the exact cause of your dog’s hyperkeratosis.

FAQs

Q: Can hyperkeratosis in dogs go away on its own?
A: Hyperkeratosis typically doesn’t resolve on its own. While at-home care can help manage symptoms, the condition often requires ongoing treatment or veterinary intervention.

Q: Is hyperkeratosis painful for my dog?
A: While it’s not always painful, severe cases can cause discomfort, especially if the affected areas crack or become infected. Proper care can help alleviate your dog’s discomfort.

Book a $49 online vet consultation at https://www.dialavet.com for fast, expert advice.

References

• PetMD
• ASPCA
• VCA Animal Hospitals
• NRC – Nutrient Requirements of Dogs and Cats
• Dial A Vet – Blog Library